What is the difference between Python 2 and Python 3?

In the first example, we are going to demonstrate the difference between Python 2 and Python 3 when it comes to the print function. In Python 2, print is a statement whereas in Python 3, print() is a function. 
# Python 2
print "Hello, World!"

# Python 3
print("Hello, World!")

Explanation: - In Python 2, you can simply use print followed by the string you want to print without parentheses. - In Python 3, print is a function and requires parentheses around the string that you want to print. This difference is important to note when transitioning from Python 2 to Python 3 as it can lead to syntax errors if not updated properly. In the second example, we are going to illustrate the difference between the input function in Python 2 and Python 3. In Python 2, input evaluates the input as Python code, while in Python 3, input returns the input as a string. 
# Python 2
name = input("Enter your name: ")

# Python 3
name = input("Enter your name: ")

Explanation: - In Python 2, the input function evaluates the user input as a Python expression, which can be dangerous as it can execute arbitrary code. - In Python 3, the input function always returns the input as a string, making it safer to use for user input. This difference in behavior can have security implications, especially when dealing with user input in Python code. It's important to be aware of this change when migrating code from Python 2 to Python 3.

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